Detection of Vulnerable Plaque

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Summary Researchers at Stanford have developed a dual modality imaging probe to provide improved atherosclerosis detection and evaluation. Atherosclerosis is a disease in which plaque builds up inside arteries. The most common and deadly form is coronary artery diseases (CAD), in which unstable atherosclerotic plaques can rupture leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. The gold standard for detecting CAD is cardiac catheterization angiography. However, this technique does not provide information about plaque extent, content, or biology. It also cannot detect early atherosclerotic plaque. As such improved methods of detecting atherosclerosis would be highly beneficial. To help meet this need the inventor has developed the CRI-PAT probe, a dual-modality, scintillator catheter probe with the ability to conduct catheter radionuclide imaging (CRI) and photoacoustic tomography (PAT). The probe uses 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), a marker of vascular inflammation, in detecting and characterizing atherosclerotic plaque. This probe can be used to distinguish vulnerable plaque from stable plaque, outline the location of the plaque and provide information on the plaque constituents. The CRI-PAT system will drive a paradigm shift in the diagnosis and risk stratification of CAD by uniting cellular, molecular and morphological data for a more complete pathologic and prognostic characterization of vulnerable plaque.