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This intranasal competitive LAIV could be used to provide a better protection against CIV in dogs than that currently obtained with the inactivated CIV vaccine.
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Summary Canine influenza virus (CIV) is a recently emerged virus that causes acute respiratory disease in dogs. Most dogs have no immunity to CIV, and infection may therefore spread quickly in locations with concentrated dog populations such as boarding kennels, doggy day cares, and animal shelters. Currently, there is only one approved vaccine that reduces the severity and incidence of canine influenza, and that vaccine is based on an inactivated virus. Live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is known to provide better protection against disease through the induction of better innate and adaptive immune responses. To date, no LAIV for CIV infections has been developed. Researchers at the University of Rochester have developed a CIV LAIV based on mutations in the viral polymerase that confer the virus temperature sensitivity, like that of the human LAIV.