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It is advantageous that the sorbent structure be tailored to minimize diffusion resistance, during both the CO.sub.2 capture, and subsequent regeneration.
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Summary The present invention provides a solid sorbent comprising at least one first layer of a material that captures at least a portion of a gas, and at least one second layer of a second material that transports the gas, the second layer of material is in juxtaposition to, attached to, or crosslinked with the first layer such that the first layer of material and the second layer of material form one bilayer, and a solid substrate support having a porous surface, wherein the bilayer is deposited onto the surface of the substrate and/or is deposited into/within the solid substrate. The solid sorbent of has at least one alternating layer of the first layer of material and the second layer of material forming at least one bilayer. Preferably, the first layer of the material is different than the second layer of the material in each bilayer. More preferably, the first layer of material is a positively charged material and wherein the second layer of material is an oppositely charged material relative to the first layer of material. Most preferably, the first layer of material is a positively charged polyelectrolyte and wherein the second layer of material is a negatively charged polyelectrolyte.